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Environment and Behavior
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Creation and Validation of a Scale Measuring Perceived Control Over the Institutional Environment

Nicola Schutte

Nova College in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida

John Malouff

Nova College

Eleanor Lawrence

Recruitment and Retention in Healthcare, South Florida

Kim Glazer

Mental Health Counseling Program of Nova University

Evelyn Cabrales

El Salvador

This article describes the development and validation of a 14-item, self-report measure of residents' perception of control over the institutional environment. Two studies of residents from a variety of institutional settings provided evidence of reliability and validity. Evidence of scale construct validity included the finding that residents living in a less restricted setting had higher Perceived Control Scale scores than residents of a more restricted setting. Another set of validity findings showed that the Perceived Control Scale was significantly associated in the expected direction with measures of locus of control, self-esteem, fatigue, vigor, and depression. The prediction that nurses' ratings of hospital patients' health would be related to the patients' scale scores was not confirmed. An intervention study showed that after participating in a workshop designed to increase perceived control over the institutional environment, residents of a retirement facility had significantly higher Perceived Control Scale scores than residents in a control group. The individuals participating in the workshop also had significantly better scores on theoretically related measures of well-being such as depression, vigor, and life satisfaction.

Environment and Behavior, Vol. 24, No. 3, 366-380 (1992)
DOI: 10.1177/0013916592243005
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