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Environment and Behavior
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Perceived Distance in the City as a Function of Time

Andrew Crompton

Manchester University School of Environment and Development

Estimates of walking distances up to 2 miles along a busy road were correlated with the length of time, between 2 and 26 months, that participants had been acquainted with the route in question. It was discovered that perceived distances increased the longer participants had known them. A mile was estimated, on average, to be 1.24 miles by a 1st-year student, 1.33 miles by a 2nd-year student, and 1.45 miles by a 3rd-year student. It is argued that this increase supports the feature-accumulation hypothesis of distance perception as opposed to the route-segmentation hypothesis. This result is used to explain Lee’s anomaly that distances into a city are seen as shorter than equal outward journeys. A case is made for investigating distance perception in real rather than reduced-cue environments.

Key Words: distance perception • urban environment • feature accumulation

Environment and Behavior, Vol. 38, No. 2, 173-182 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0013916505276743
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A. Crompton and F. Brown
Distance Estimation in a Small-Scale Environment
Environment and Behavior, September 1, 2006; 38(5): 656 - 666.
[Abstract] [PDF]