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Environment and Behavior
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The Nature Relatedness Scale

Linking Individuals' Connection With Nature to Environmental Concern and Behavior

Elizabeth K. Nisbet

Carleton University, enisbet{at}connect.carleton.ca

John M. Zelenski

Carleton University

Steven A. Murphy

Carleton University

Disconnection from the natural world may be contributing to our planet's destruction. The authors propose a new construct, Nature Relatedness (NR), and a scale that assesses the affective, cognitive, and experiential aspects of individuals' connection to nature. In Study 1, the authors explored the internal structure of the NR item responses in a sample of 831 participants using factor analysis. They tested the construct validity of NR with respect to an assortment of environmental and personality measures. In Study 2, they employed experience sampling methodology examining if NR people spend more time outdoors, in nature. Across studies, NR correlated with environmental scales, behavior, and frequency of time in nature, supporting the reliability and validity of NR, as well as the contribution of NR (over and above other measures) to environmental concern and behavior. The potential of NR as a useful method for investigating human-nature relationships and the processes underlying environmental concern and behaviors are discussed.

Key Words: nature relatedness • environmental attitudes • conservation (ecological behavior) • well-being

This version was published on September 1, 2009

Environment and Behavior, Vol. 41, No. 5, 715-740 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0013916508318748
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